急诊内科老年患者疾病谱分析

Analysis of Disease Spectrum in Elderly Patients in Emergency Department

目的分析急诊内科老年患者疾病谱特点,为老年患者临床救治和地区性常见疾病防控工作提供依据。方法选取2013年1月~2017年12月我院急诊内科收治的60岁及以上老年患者6982例,分析各年度老年患者占比情况、疾病系统分类排名、疾病系统诊断分类前3位排名、多病共存状态。结果2013年1月~2017年12月共有12549例急诊住院患者,其中60岁及以上老年患者为6982例,占55.64%。2016年度老年患者占比低于2013~2015年度,2017年度老年患者占比高于2013~2016年度,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。按照疾病系统分类排前5位的分别是呼吸系统、消化系统、循环系统、神经系统、中毒,前5位系统疾病总占比89.76%。按照疾病诊断将呼吸、消化、循环、神经、中毒系统疾病中排在前3位的疾病进行统计排位,呼吸系统排在前3位的疾病分别是:肺部感染、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、支气管炎;消化系统排在前3位的疾病分别是:胰腺炎、胃炎、胃肠炎;循环系统排在前3位的疾病分别是:冠心病、高血压、心肌病。有85.15%的老年患者存在多病共存现象,最多的达7种;其中共存2~4个系统疾病的老年患者人数最多,占71.84%。随着患者年龄增大,共存的疾病种类增多,住院时间呈增加趋势,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论急诊内科老年患者多以呼吸系统、消化系统、循环系统、神经系统、中毒等疾病为主,多存在多病共存现象。

Objective To analyze the characteristics of disease spectrum in elderly patients in emergency department,and to provide evidence for clinical treatment and prevention and control of common diseases in elderly patients.Methods A total of 6982 elderly patients aged 60 years and older who were admitted to the emergency department of our hospital from January 2013 to December 2017 were selected.The proportion of elderly patients in each year,the ranking of disease system classification,and the top 3 rankings of disease system diagnosis were analyzed.The state of coexistence of the disease.Results From January 2013 to December 2017,there were 12,549 emergency hospitalized patients,of which 6,982 were elderly patients aged 60 and over,accounting for 55.64%.The proportion of elderly patients in 2016 was lower than that in 2013~2015.The proportion of elderly patients in 2017 was higher than that in 2013~2016,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).According to the disease system classification,the top 5 are respiratory,digestive,circulatory,nervous,and poisoning.The top 5 diseases account for 89.76%.According to the diagnosis of diseases,the top 3 diseases in the respiratory,digestive,circulatory,neurological,and poisoning system diseases are statistically ranked.The top 3 diseases of the respiratory system are:pulmonary infection,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,Bronchitis;the top 3 diseases of the digestive system are:pancreatitis,gastritis,gastroenteritis;the top three diseases of the circulatory system are:coronary heart disease,hypertension,cardiomyopathy.85.15%of elderly patients have multiple diseases coexisting,up to 7 species;among them,the elderly patients with 2 to 4 system diseases coexist the most,accounting for 71.84%.As the patient's age increased,the number of coexisting diseases increased,and the length of hospital stay increased,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The elderly patients in emergency department are mainly respiratory,digestive,circulatory,nervous system,poisoning and other diseases,and there are many diseases coexisting.