辅音-元音交互作用下功能性构音障碍儿童辅音错误分析

Consonant Error Characteristics in Children with Functional Articulation Disorder under Consonantvowel Interaction

目的:探讨辅音-元音交互作用(CVI)下功能性构音障碍(FAD)儿童辅音错误特征,细化语音评估,使语音康复更加精准化。方法:回顾性收集2013年1月-2014年12月就诊于广州市妇女儿童医疗中心神经内科门诊的构音障碍患儿26例(男16例,女10例),均符合FAD的诊断标准,平均年龄(7.84±0.46)岁。分析不同发音部位的辅音与不同类型元音配合下辅音错误情况,检测工具为中国康复研究中心汉语构音障碍评定量表。结果:唇音、舌面音、舌根音、舌尖后音、舌尖前音、舌尖中音错误率分别为5.8%(6/104),15.4%(12/78),24.4%(19/78),25.0%(26/104),32.1%(25/78)和33.7%(35/104)。相同发音部位内不同辅音个体[m]错误率最低(0),[d]错误率最高[61.5%(16/26)]。CVI下不同发音部位辅音与不同类型元音配合时,与合口呼韵母中的主要元音配合的唇音错误率最低[1.0%(1/104)],与合口呼韵母中的主要元音配合的舌尖前音错误率最高[30.8%(24/78)]。辅音错误形式复杂多变。结论:对FAD儿童进行语音评估时,要熟悉辅音、元音发音特征,了解CVI下辅音错误的复杂多样性。参照错误类型,使康复计划的制定更全面、精准。

Objective:To characterize the consonant error patterns in Chinese-speaking children with functional articulation disorder(FAD)under consonant-vowel interaction,so as to improve speech evaluation method and specialize rehabilitation program.Method:A retrospective study was conducted,from January 2013 to December 2014,a total of 26 FAD children[male 16 cases,female 10 cases,average age was(7.84±0.46)years old] under consonant-vowel interaction were included in the study.The consonant error pattern was analyzed with variant pairings of consonant-vowel matching.Both Chinese articulation disorder rating scale from China Rehabilitation Research Center was applied as assessment tools.Result:The error ratios of consonants pairing with different articulation palaces(i.e.labial,alveo-palatal,velar,blade-palatal,supradental and bladealveolar)were 5.8%(6/104),15.4%(12/78),24.4%(19/78),25.0%(26/104),32.1%(25/78)and33.7%(35/104),respectively.The error ratios of different consonants pairing with same articulation palace varied,ranging from 0 to 61.5%(16/26).When above consonants were modified by consonant-vowel interaction,the error ratios of consonants were not consistent,ranging from 1.0%(1/104)to 30.8%(24/78).The error forms of consonants varied.Conclusion:The speech therapist needs to be familiar with the articulation characteristics of consonants and vowels and considers the consonant error patterns under consonant-vowel interaction in order to specialize and comprehensive the rehabilitation program.