基于文献的中医治疗儿童支原体肺炎用药特点分析

Analysis on the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia in children based on literature

目的:探讨治疗儿童支原体肺炎中药的使用规律和特点。方法:通过检索从1984~2016年中国公开见刊的中医复方治疗儿童支原体肺炎的相关文献,把符合纳入标准文献里的中药按作用分类,且分别统计其归经、性味,用Excel来分析,总结儿童支原体肺炎的使用中药的特点。结果:医治儿童支原体肺炎的文章共计392篇,关联的中药193味。涉及中药品种以清热泻火药、止咳平喘化痰药、补虚药、解表药为主,占总药的比例为83.78%;药味以甘、辛和苦为主,频率高达94.71%;药性以寒、平和温为主,频率可达93.83%。归属经类以脾胃、心、肺为主。结论:临床上治疗儿童支原体肺炎运用较多的药有解表药、清热药、止咳平喘化痰药、补药等中药;使用的主要核心药为麻黄、杏仁、黄芩、桔梗、石膏、鱼腥草、桑白皮、半夏、百部以及陈皮、连翘、金银花、川贝母、紫苏子、甘草等。

Objective: To investigate the use and characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia in children. Methods: By searching relevant literatures on the treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia in children by TCM compound prescription published in Chinese journal from 1984 to 2016, the Chinese medicine in line with the inclusion criteria was classified according to its functions, and the meridional and taste and characteristics were respectively counted. The characteristics of the use of Chinese medicine in children with mycoplasma pneumonia were analyzed by excel. Results: There were 392 articles on the treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia in children, 193 of which were related to traditional Chinese medicine. The traditional Chinese medicine varieties involved were mainly heat-clearing powder for relieving heat, cough, asthma and phlegm, tonifying deficiency medicine and antiphlegm, accounting for 83.78% of the total medicine. The main drug flavor was sweet, pungent and bitter, and the frequency was up to94.71%. The drug was mainly cold and mild with a frequency of 93.83%. The spleen, stomach, heart and lung were the main meridians.Conclusion: In the clinical treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia in children, there were many drugs such as antipyretic drugs, heatclearing drugs, cough antiasthmatic phlegm relieving drugs, tonic and so on. The main core drugs used were ephedra, almond, scutellaria baicalensis, radix codonopsis, gypsum, houttuynia houttuyniae, mulberry white peel, pinellia ternata, radix stemonae, and orange peel,forsythia, honeysuckle, fritillaria, Perilla seeds, licorice, etc.