化疗期癌症患者睡眠障碍发生现况及影响因素分析

Analysis of Sleep Disorder and Its Influencing Factors in Cancer Patients during Chemotherapy

目的 探讨化疗期癌症患者睡眠障碍发生现况及影响因素分析。方法 采用便利抽样的方法,使用一般情况调查表、匹茨堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)、Zung 焦虑自评量表(SAS)、Zung 抑郁自评量表(SDS)对2018年2月~8月我科住院化疗的癌症患者进行调查。结果 回收有效问卷108份,有效回收率为91.53%。本次调查中农民64(59.3%)、初婚83(76.9%)、有子女105(97.2%)、农村医保68(63.0%)构成比较高。PSQI总均分为(6.54±4.02)分,SAS总均分为(45.75±11.29)分,SDS总均分(36.64±9.47)分。PSQI、SAS、SDS总分在疾病负担、疾病认知、治疗信心、化疗次数比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01,P<0.05)。PSQI总分与SAS总分、SDS总分均呈正相关(P<0.01)。多元线性回归分析显示,SAS总分和疾病负担是化疗期癌症患者睡眠质量的影响因素。结论 化疗期癌症患者睡眠障碍普遍存在,焦虑水平和疾病负担是睡眠障碍的影响因素,提示医护人员可依此制定针对性干预措施,尽可能降低化疗期癌症患者睡眠障碍,最终提高患者生命质量。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of sleep disorders in cancer patients during chemotherapy. Methods By convenience sampling, cancer patients hospitalized for chemotherapy at our department from February to August 2018 were investigated with general situation questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale SAS and Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale SDS. Results 108 valid questionnaires were collected. In this survey, the effective returns-ratio was 91.53%. 64 (59.3%) peasants, 83 (76.9%) first marriage, 105 (97.2%) children and 68 (63.0%) rural medical insurance constitute relatively high. The total average scores of PSQI, SAS and SDS were (6.54 + 4.02),(45.75+11.29) and (36.64+9.47) respectively. The total scores of PSQI, SAS and SDS were significantly different among the groups of disease burden, disease recognition, treatment confidence and the frequency of chemotherapy (P<0.05,P<0.01). The total score of PSQI was positively correlated with the total score of SAS and SDS (P<0.01).Analysis of multiple linear regression showed that SAS score and disease burden were the influencing factor of sleep quality in cancer patients during chemotherapy. Conclusion Sleep disorders are common in cancer patients during chemotherapy. Anxiety level and disease burden are the influencing factors of sleep disorders. It suggests that health care workers can improve the sleep quality of cancer patients during chemotherapy through targeted interventions as much as possible.