海南省白沙县黎族和汉族1992年后出生人群的HBV流行病学研究

Comparison the HBV seroprevalence between the Li & Han ethnic individuals who were born after 1992 in Baisha County, Hainan province,China

目的本研究拟对1992年后出生的海南省黎族和汉族人群的HBV流行情况进行调查和统计。方法 2014年7月-2015年10月,收集海南省白沙县中学1992年后出生的学生和老师的血浆标本610份,用两种不同的ELISA试剂对HBsAg进行检测,用电化学发光法对抗-HBc和抗-HBs进行检测。对黎族和汉族之间HBsAg、抗-HBc和抗-HBs阳性率的差异进行卡方检验,通过卡方检验和多因素Logistics回归分析影响整个人群中HBsAg阳性和抗-HBc阳性的风险因素。结果黎族和汉族性别、年龄、HBsAg阳性率、抗-HBc阳性率无统计学差异,抗-HBs阳性者在汉族人群中明显高于黎族人群(OR=1.49, 95%CI 1.06-2.09,P<0.05)。统计分析显示穿耳洞为HBsAg阳性的独立影响因素(OR=3.28,95%CI 1.68-6.39,P<0.01),年龄(OR=1.80, 95%CI 13.4-2.43,P<0.01)和穿耳洞(OR=2.12,95%CI 1.34-3.43,P<0.01)为抗-HBc阳性的独立影响因素。结论白沙县1992年后出生黎族和汉族的HBV感染率没有明显差距,穿耳洞是目前白沙县HBV流行率高的一个风险因素,因此增加民众尤其学生对HBV感染风险的认知尤为重要。

Objective To determine the prevalence of HBV serologic in young persons who were born after 1992 in Hainan Province where Li & Han ethnic co-inhabitant. Methods 610 volunteers were collected for HBV testing from July 2014 to October 2015. HBsAg was determined with two independent ELISA assays, while anti-HBc and anti-HBs were tested by Electrochemiluminescence. Chi-square test was used to determine the different HBV infection rate between Li & Han ethnicity,meanwhile, chi-square test and multivariable logistic regression analysis were used to determine risk factors for HBV infection. Results The difference between Li & Han ethnic did not differ meaningfully by age, gender and HBV infection. Anti-HBs positivity was higher in Han ethnic than Li ethnic(OR=1.49, 95% CI 1.06-2.09, P<0.05), HBsAg positivity was associated with piercings(OR=3.28, 95% CI 1.68-6.39, P<0.01), while anti-HBc positivity was associated with age(OR=1.80, 95% CI 1.34-2.43, P<0.01) and piercings(OR=2.12,95% CI 1.34-3.43, P<0.01). Conclusion HBV infection is no significant difference between Li ethnic & Han ethnic in young persons who were born after 1992. Ear piercing is a risk factor for the high prevalence of HBV in Baisha, so it is particularly important to increase people’s awareness of the risk of HBV infection, especially students.