组织工程周围神经血管化研究进展

Advance of vascularization of tissue engineered peripheral nerve

目的对组织工程周围神经血管化的研究现状进行文献回顾,为寻找促进组织工程周围神经血管化的新方法提供理论依据。方法查阅近年来关于组织工程周围神经血管化方面的相关文献,围绕周围神经再生局部微环境及血供特点、支架材料修饰、种子细胞、自体血管束的植入、促血管因子等方面进行回顾及总结。结果组织工程周围神经为神经损伤的修复带来了新的希望,但对于大段神经缺损的修复效果欠佳,这主要与神经移植物的血管化程度相关,因此促进组织工程周围神经早期血管化尤为重要。既往研究多从支架材料修饰、种子细胞、自体血管束植入及促血管生成相关因子4个方面单一进行研究,近年研究表明将上述两种或多种因素共同作用于组织工程周围神经,能够更好地促进组织工程周围神经血管化。结论促进组织工程周围神经早期血管化,能够使支架上的种子细胞及时获得营养支持,促进轴突生长、神经再生,有利于修复大段周围神经缺损。

Objective To review the literature on the research status of vascularization of tissue engineered peripheral nerve so as to provide the theoretical basis for the vascularization of tissue engineered peripheral nerve.Methods The literature related to the vascularization of peripheral nerve tissue engineering in recent years was reviewed and summarized according to the five aspects of promoting vascularization: local microenvironment and blood supply characteristics of peripheral nerve regeneration, scaffold material modification, seed cells, autologous vascular bundle implantation, and pro-vascular factors. Results Tissue engineered peripheral nerve has brought a new hope for the repair of peripheral nerve injury, but the repair effect of large nerve defects is not good, which is mainly related to the degree of vascularization of the nerve grafts. So it is particularly important to promote the early vascularization of tissue engineered peripheral nerve. Previous studies have mainly focused on the four aspects of scaffold material modification, seed cells,autologous vascular bundle implantation, and angiogenesis related factors. Recent studies show that the combination of the above two or more factors in the tissue engineered peripheral nerves can better promote the vascularization of tissue engineered peripheral nerves. Conclusion Promoting early vascularization of tissue engineered peripheral nerves can provide timely nutritional support for seed cells on the scaffold, promote axon growth and nerve regeneration, and facilitate the repair of large peripheral nerve defects in clinical practice.