场地土壤有机氯污染物暴露途径贡献率分析

Analysis on the Contribution of Exposure Pathways of Organic Chlorine Pollutants in Site Soils

场地污染物的暴露途径对致癌风险与非致癌风险评估结果具有显著影响,选择化工、制药等场地中常见有机氯污染物作为研究重点,探究场地土壤中常见有机氯污染物经不同暴露途径致癌风险及非致癌风险的贡献率。研究表明:挥发性有机氯污染物(氯苯类、氯代烃类)主要的致癌风险与非致癌危害熵的主要暴露途径为室内空气入侵或经口摄入,通过吸入室内空气中来自下层土壤挥发性气体的贡献率大于75%,经口摄入土壤中污染物的贡献率大于20%(1,2,3-三氯丙烷除外,其经口摄入土壤中污染物的贡献率达98%)。半挥发性有机氯污染物(有机氯农药类、多氯联苯类)的主要致癌与非致癌风险暴露途径为经口摄入及皮肤接触,通过经口摄入土壤中污染物的贡献率大于70%,通过皮肤接触吸收土壤中污染物的贡献率均大于25%。

Exposure pathways of site pollutants have significant effects on carcinogenic risk and non-carcinogenic risk assessment results.The selection of organic-chlorine pollutants in chemical and pharmaceutical sites was the research emphasis in this paper.It was investigated that the contribution rate of non-carcinogenic risks and carcinogenic risk of organic-chlorine pollutants for different exposure pathways in the soil of the site.The results show that the main exposure pathways of non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk for volatile organic chloride pollutants(chlorobenzenes,chlorinated hydrocarbons)are indoor air intrusion or oral intake.The contribution rate through inhalation of indoor air from the underlying soil of volatile gases is more than 75%,and the contribution rate through oral intake of pollutants in the soil is more than 20%(except for 1,2,3-trichloropropane,the contribution rate of pollutants in the soil by oral intake reaches 98%).The main carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk exposure pathways for semi-volatile organic-chlorine pollutants (organic-chlorine pesticides,polychlorinated biphenyls)are oral intake and skin contact.The contribution rate of pollutants in the soil through oral intake is greater than 70%,while the contribution rate of soil contaminants absorbed by skin contact is more than 25%.