大草蛉对草地贪夜蛾捕食潜能研究

Study on the predation potential of Chrysopa pallens on Spodoptera frugiperda

草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda JE Smith于2018年底至2019年初入侵我国后,迅速扩散,并在半年内对西南地区的玉米生产造成为害。田间调查和观测研究表明,田间虽然可见该害虫的天敌,但由于天敌种群数量低,无法形成有效控害的模式。为研究大草蛉对草地贪夜蛾的控害潜能,本研究进行了捕食功能反应试验。结果表明,大草蛉成虫对草地贪夜蛾卵以及大草蛉3龄幼虫对草地贪夜蛾1龄幼虫的捕食效应均能够很好的拟合HollingⅡ功能反应模型。其中,大草蛉成虫对贪夜蛾卵的理论日最大捕食量、瞬时攻击率和处理时间分别为1115.56头、1.004和0.0009 d。大草蛉幼虫对贪夜蛾低龄幼虫的理论日最大捕食量、瞬时攻击率和处理时间分别为358头、1.074和0.003 d。结果表明大草蛉具备对草地贪夜蛾卵和低龄幼虫进行有效控害的潜力,为应用天敌昆虫防治草地贪夜蛾提供了理论依据。

Spodoptera frugiperda quickly spread after invading China from the end of 2018 to the beginning of 2019, and caused damage to maize production in Southwest China within half a year. Field investigation and observation showed that although the natural enemies of this pest were visible in the field, due to the low population of natural enemies, it could not form an effective control mode. In order to study the potential of Chrysopa pallens to control S. frugiperda , we conducted a predation functional response test. Results showed that the predatory effect of C. pallens adults predating on S.frugiperda eggs, and C. pallens larva predating on S. frugiperda larva could well fit Holling Ⅱ functional response model. The theoretical daily maximum predation amount, instantaneous attack rate and processing time of C.pallens adult to the eggs S. frugiperda were 1115.56, 1.004 and 0.0009 d, respectively. The maximum daily predation, instantaneous attack rate and treatment time of Chrysopa larva to S. frugiperda small larva were 358, 1.074 and 0.003 d, respectively. Based on the results of this study, C. pallens has the potential to effectively control S. frugiperda . Our study provides baseline data for utilizing natural enemies to manage and control S. frugiperda.