2016—2018年辽源市0～6岁儿童疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析

Surveillance of AEFI among children 0—6 years from 2016 to 2018 in Liaoyuan City

目的分析辽源市2016-2018年0~6岁人群疑似预防接种异常反应(adverse events following immunization, AEFI)的发生特征,评价AEFI监测信息管理系统运转情况。方法通过中国免疫规划信息管理系统收集辽源市2016-2018年报告的0~6岁人群AEFI个案数据,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2016-2018年辽源市共报告306例0~6岁人群AEFI个案,一般反应占97.06%,异常反应占1.96%,AEFI报告发生率为62.73/10万剂次;年度AEFI发生率差异有统计学差异(χ2=27.09,P<0.05),月平均报告例数显示,3月、7月和10月是AEFI发生率报告例数的3个高峰;不同地区间AEFI发生率差异有统计学差异(χ2=16.89,P<0.05),以东丰县最高;男女差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.003,P>0.05),各年龄组差异有统计学意义(χ2=226.07,P<0.05),年龄分布主要分布于2岁以下;疫苗分布以吸附无细胞百白破疫苗发生率(148.90/10万剂次)最高;转归情况除2例正在治疗中外,其余均已痊愈;2017年应调查的AEFI报告后48 h内调查率未达标,其余指标均达到方案要求。结论辽源市AEFI监测系统运转良好,监测水平正在逐步提高;国家计划和非计划免疫疫苗的安全性良好。

Objective To analyze the epidemiologic features of AEFI(adverse event following immunization) among children 0-6 years from 2016 to 2018 in Liaoyuan City, and to evaluate the implementation of AEFI surveillance system. Methods The AEFI data was collected through the China Immunization Information System from 2016 to 2018 in Liaoyuan City, which was analyzed by the epidemiological method. Results A total of 306 AEFI cases among children 0-6 years were reported in this time, the general reaction accounted for 97.06%, abnormal reactions for 1.96%, in the total cases;and the estimated total AEFI incidence was 62.73 per 10~5 doses. There were statistical significances in the AEFI incidence in each year(χ2=27.09, P<0.05), and had three peaks in March, July and October, respectively, according to the average occurrences per month for three years. There were statistical significances in the incidence of abnormal reactions between different regions(χ2=16.89, P<0.05), Dongfeng County was the highest one. No statistical significance was found from both of genders(χ2=0.003, P>0.05). There were statistical significances among different age groups(χ2=226.07, P<0.05), the AEFI cases mainly concentrated under 2 years. The highest AEFI incidence was related to DTaP vaccine(148.90 per 10~5 doses). Except for 2 cases under treatment, the other AEFI cases were cured. But the survey rate did not meet the standard within 48 hours after the AEFI reported to be investigated in 2017, and the rest of the indicators met the requirements of the scheme. Conclusion The AEFI monitoring system in Liaoyuan worked in a good condition, the monitoring level was gradually improving, the vaccines including both of national programme and non-national programme had stable safeties.