论音乐喷泉的著作权法定性——兼评我国“音乐喷泉著作权第一案”

Definite the Copyright Legality of Music Fountain——Comment on China’s “First Music Fountain Copyright Case”

音乐喷泉整体喷射效果的法律定性在理论界和实务界产生了较大争议,最近我国“音乐喷泉著作权第一案”更是将这一争论推上了风口浪尖之地。当前理论界和实务界的主流观点皆试图运用“新型美术作品”或“其他作品”对其进行扩张保护,然而都欠缺妥当的解释力。解决音乐喷泉争议的关键钥匙是结合音乐喷泉的创作机制和形成原理对其进行作品适格性的分析。虽然音乐喷泉的整体喷射效果十分具有美感,但其本质上是基于硬件设备和控制系统运作下的产物,人为因素所起的作用有限,因而其本质上无法构成著作权法意义上的作品。

The copyright legality issue on the overall jetting effect of the musical fountain has caused great controversy in the theoretical and practical circles. Recently, the "First Music Fountain Copyright Case" in China has put this debate to the forefront. The current mainstream views of the theoretical and practical circles all try to protect them by using the "new art work" or "other works", but they all lack proper explanatory power. The key to solving the controversy of the music fountain is to analyze the suitability of the works in combination with the creative mechanism of the music fountain. Although the overall jetting effect of the music fountain is very aesthetic, it is essentially a creation based on the operation of hardware devices and control systems. The human factors play a limited role in creation of music fountain, so it cannot constitute a work in the sense of copyright law.