不同类型附着基及其底栖微藻对池塘养殖仿刺参生长和存活的影响

Effects of shelter type and benthic microalgae on growth and survival of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicas Selenka in earthen ponds

对池塘养殖仿刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)过程中4种附着基(扇贝笼、编织袋、遮阳网和空心砖)及其底栖微藻的种类组成、细胞密度和生物量变化进行分析,并研究不同附着基对仿刺参生长和存活的影响。结果显示:4种附着基上底栖微藻以硅藻占绝对优势,扇贝笼、编织袋、遮阳网和空心砖上底栖微藻生物量的平均值分别为3.46、2.46、2.77和3.82μg·cm-2;4种附着基上仿刺参的生长和存活情况存在显著差异,其中空心砖上的仿刺参生长较为缓慢,但成活率(66.5%)和产量(192.8 g·m^-2)最高,扇贝笼上仿刺参的成活率(48.7%)和产量(169.8 g·m^-2)仅次于空心砖,编织袋和遮阳网附着基上仿刺参的成活率和产量都较低。研究结果表明,池塘养殖仿刺参稚参的产量和成活率与附着基上底栖微藻的生物量密切相关。

Outdoor experiments were conducted to investigate the sea cucumber ( Apostichopus japonicas Selenka) in earthen ponds.Four kinds of shelter (scallops cage,woven bags,sunshade nets and hollow brick) and the changes of species composition,density and biomass of benthic microalgae were analyzed,while the effects of four kinds of shelter on growth and survival of sea cucumber were also studied.The results indicated that the abundance and distribution of diatoms determined the total variation of the benthic microalgae abundance.The average value of benthic microalgal biomass were3.46,2.46,2.77 and3.82 μg.cm ^-2,respectively.There were significant differences of sea cucumber s growth and survival rate among the four kinds of shelter.The growth of sea cucumber on hollow brick was the slowest,but the survival rate (66.5%) and the yield (192.8 g·m^ -2 ) were the highest.The survival rate of sea cucumber on scallop cage was48.7%,and the yield of it was169.8 g·m -2,which were only next to hollow brick.The survival rate and yield of sea cucumber on woven bag or sunshade net were low.The results showed that the survival rate and the yield of juvenile sea cucumber in earthen ponds was closely related to the biomass of benthic microalgae on the shelter.