矿用汽车整车稳态转向特性建模分析

Modeling and Analysis of Steady State Steering Characteristics of Mining Truck

准确的整车模型对车辆稳态转向特性研究具有重要影响,综合考虑具体研究的内容和计算分析的复杂程度,以四自由度的车辆模型为基础对矿用汽车的稳态转向特性进行分析。建立矿用汽车所采用的18.00-25工程轮胎的侧偏特性模型,用于车辆操纵稳定性分析;在前后悬架侧倾特性分析的基础上,建立了整车稳态转向工况的分析模型,以车身侧倾时各轮垂向载荷重新分配的情况为依据,研究车辆悬架对稳态转向特性的影响;通过几何图解方法分析车架扭转对整车侧倾的影响;对车辆的稳态转向特性进行评价。结果表明:车架对操纵稳定性的影响程度随车辆侧向加速度的增大而增大,且适当提高车架刚度有利于改善操控稳定性;该车中性转向点侧向加速度和不足转向度基本能够满足要求,车身侧倾度与普通车辆相比较小。

The accurate vehicle model has important influence on the research of steady-state steering characteristics of vehicles. Considering the content of concrete research and the complexity of calculation and analysis, this paper analyzes the steady-state steering characteristics of mining truck based on four-degree-of-freedom vehicle model. The sidewall characteristic model of 18.00-25 engineering tires used in mining vehicles was established for vehicle handling stability analysis. Based on the analysis of the roll characteristics of the front and rear suspension, the analysis model of the steady state steering condition of the vehicle was established. Based on the situation of the vertical load reallocation of each wheel, the influence of vehicle suspension on steady - state steering characteristics was studied. The influence of frame torsion on vehicle roll was analyzed by geometric diagram method. The steady state steering characteristic of vehicle was evaluated. The results show that the influence of the frame on the stability of the steering increases with the increase of the lateral acceleration of the vehicle, and the increase of the rigidity of the frame is beneficial to improve the control stability. The vehicle side of the neutral point of the lateral acceleration and less than the basic degree of steering to meet the requirements, body flutter compared with ordinary vehicles smaller.