舱室复合材料结构的抗爆性能数值仿真

Numerical simulation on anti-explosion performance of cabin composite structure

[目的]随着现代舰船技术的不断发展,以及对船体自身抵抗反舰武器打击能力的要求不断提高,复合材料广泛应用于舰船防护结构中。为探究舱室内爆过程中凯夫拉材料防护结构的抗爆性能,[方法]在建立含多层甲板的实船舱段有限元模型的基础上,在两甲板之间建立舱室结构模型,并在其围壁内铺设凯夫拉材料装甲防护结构,计算舱室内爆过程中凯夫拉材料装甲防护结构的动态响应及毁伤。为正确模拟凯夫拉材料各向异性材料的属性特征,采用实体单元建立装甲防护层,对围壁上单元节点与凯夫拉材料单元节点采用tie约束,以保证节点共同运动。[结果]结果显示,未采用防护材料的舱壁在爆炸冲击载荷下发生了完全撕裂破坏,而采用了防护材料的舱壁只在冲击波正对位置发生了局部撕裂破坏。[结论]通过对比分析舱内不同起爆位置、在有/无凯夫拉材料装甲防护结构条件下的舱室毁伤特征,可为舱室的抗爆防护设计起到一定的支撑作用。

[Objectives]With the development of modern ship technology and the higher requirement for the ship hull's own resistance capability to the anti-ship weapons,the composite materials have been more widely used in warship protective structure. In order to analyze anti-explosion performance of protective structures with Kevlar materials under the action of explosion in cabin,[Methods]based on the finite element model from full-scale ship compartment with multi decks,a structural model of the cabin between two decks is established,and armored protective structure with Kevlar materials is laid inside the surrounding wall of the cabin. The dynamic response and damage of the armored protective structure with Kevlar materials under the action of explosion are calculated in this way. In order to correctly simulate the material properties of the anisotropy of Kevlar materials,the armored protective layer is established by solid elements. The upper unit nodes of the surrounding wall and unit nodes of the Kevlar materials are constrained by ‘tie' to make these two types of nodes move together.[Results] The bulkhead without protective material is completely torn and destroyed by explosion load,while the bulkhead with protective material is only partially torn and destroyed in the position where shock wave is directly impacting.[Conclusions] By comparing and analyzing the cabin damage characteristics of different explosion initiation positions as well as armored protective structure with or without Kevlar materials, the anti-explosion protective design of the cabin can be supported to some extent.