婴幼儿喘息性疾病与呼吸道病毒感染的相关性分析

Analysis of the correlation between asthmatic and respiratory viral infections in infants

目的分析婴幼儿喘息性疾病与呼吸道病毒感染(VRI)的关系,为防治喘息性疾病提供参考依据。方法选择2016年12月~2018年12月我院收治的3个月~3岁下呼吸道感染患儿200例,按是否伴随喘息症状分为观察组(101例)和对照组(99例)。采集两组婴幼儿的鼻咽分泌物,采用逆转录-聚合酶链式扩增(RT-PCR)技术检测,比较两组的VRI发生率,比较不同年龄、不同喘息严重程度的VRI发生率,并采用皮尔逊相关系数分析法,分析VRI与喘息性疾病发生、年龄、喘息严重程度的相关性。结果观察组的VRI发生率高于对照组,其呼吸道合胞病毒、腺病毒、副流感病毒等感染发生率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。喘息性疾病患儿检出的呼吸道病毒主要为呼吸道合胞病毒、腺病毒、副流感病毒,呼吸道合胞病毒感染在年龄<1岁、重度喘息患儿中的发生率高于年龄≥1岁、轻中度喘息患儿,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);腺病毒感染在年龄≥1岁、重度喘息患儿中的发生率高于年龄<1岁、轻中度喘息患儿,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);副流感病毒感染在不同年龄、不同喘息严重程度患儿中的发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。呼吸道合胞病毒感染与喘息性疾病的发生、喘息严重程度成正相关(r=0.803、0.750,P=0.002、0.006),其与喘息性疾病患儿的年龄成负相关(r=-0.764,P=0.005);腺病毒与喘息性疾病的发生、年龄、喘息严重程度成正相关(r=0.759、0.706、0.741,P=0.005、0.008、0.004);副流感病毒与喘息性疾病的发生成正相关(r=0.728,P=0.007),与年龄、喘息严重程度无线性相关(r=0.171、0.257,P=0.745、0.630)。结论喘息性疾病的发生与VRI密切相关,其致病病毒主要为呼吸道合胞病毒、腺病毒、副流感病毒。

Objective To analyze the relationship between wheezing diseases and respiratory tract virus infection (VRI) in infants and provide reference for the prevention and treatment of wheezing diseases.Methods From December 2016 to December 2018,200 patients with lower respiratory tract infection from 3 months to 3 years of age were selected and divided into observation group (101 cases) and control group (99 cases) according to wheezing symptoms or not.The nasopharynx secretions of two groups of infants were collected and detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).The incidence of VRI was compared between the observation group and the control group,Comparing the incidence of VRI with different age and severity of wheezin.Pearson correlation coefficient analysis method was used.To analyze the correlation between VRI and the occurrence,age and severity of wheezing diseases.Results The incidence of VRI in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,and the incidence of Respiratory Syncytial virus,Adenovirus and Parainfluenza virus infection was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05).The respiratory viruses detected in children with wheezing diseases were mainly Respiratory Syncytial viruses,Adenoviruses,Parainfluenza viruses.The incidence of respiratory syncytial virus infection in children with severe wheezing was higher than that in children with severe wheezing.The difference was statistically significant in mild to moderate wheezing children (P<0.05).The incidence of Adenovirus infection in children with severe wheezing was significantly higher than that in children with mild to moderate wheezing (P<0.05),and the incidence of Adenovirus infection was significantly higher in patients with severe wheezing than in children with severe wheezing (P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of Parainfluenza virus infection in children with different age and severity of wheezing (P>0.05).The incidence of Respiratory Syncytial virus infection and wheezing disease was positively correlated with the severity of wheezing (r=0.803,0.750,P=0.002,0.006),which was negatively correlated with the age of children with wheezing (r=-0.764,P=0.005);the incidence of Adenovirus and wheezing disease was positively correlated with the severity of wheezing (r=0.759,0.706,0.741,P=0.005,0.008,0.004).The incidence of Parainfluenza virus and wheezing disease was positively correlated (r=0.728,P=0.007),which had no linear correlation with age and wheezing (r=0.171,0.257,P=0.745,0.630).Conclusion The occurrence of wheezing diseases is closely related to VRI.The main pathogenic viruses are Respiratory Syncytial virus,Adenovirus and Parainfluenza virus.