社区不同人群慢性非传染性疾病预防控制知识、态度和行为比较

Comparison of prevention and control knowledge awareness, attitudes and behaviors of chronic non-communicable diseases among different populations in the community

目的分析本社区不同人群慢性非传染性疾病的预防控制知识、态度和行为,为后续研究提供依据。方法于2018年5~11月随机抽取本社区600名≥15岁的常住居民作为研究对象,采用问卷调查方式调查其对慢性非传染性疾病预防控制知识的知晓情况,了解其对慢性非传染性疾病预防控制的态度和实际行为。将所有统计数据进行总体计算,并依据性别、婚姻状况、年龄、经济状况、医疗保障等情况对其相关知识、态度、行为得分进行比较。结果本研究全体研究对象相关知识知晓情况得分为(39.04±13.68)分,态度得分为(4.33±1.66)分,行为得分为(10.32±3.70)分。男女常住居民慢性非传染性疾病预防控制知识、态度得分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);女性的行为得分高于男性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);未婚人群慢性非传染性疾病预防控制知识、态度和行为得分均低于已婚人群,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);35~<60岁人群的慢性非传染性疾病预防控制知识、态度和行为得分最高,其次为15~<35岁人群,≥60岁人群最低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);享有医疗保险人群的慢性非传染性疾病预防控制知识、态度得分高于非医疗保险人群,行为得分低于非医疗保险人群,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);调查人员经济收入越高,其慢性非传染性疾病预防控制知识、态度和行为得分越高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论人们对慢性非传染性疾病的预防控制知识、态度以及行为状况与性别(女性行为优于男性)、婚姻状况(已婚了解情况高于男性)、年龄段(主要为35~<60岁)、经济状况(经济状况高,了解程度高)、医疗保障情况(有医疗保障者高于无者)等有直接关系,且人们的生活水平越高,其慢性非传染性疾病的预防控制知识、态度、行为也随之提升。

Objective To analyze the prevention and control knowledge awareness,attitudes and behaviors of chronic non-communicable diseases in different populations of this community,and to provide evidence for subsequent study.Methods From May to November in 2018,600 residents aged 15 and over from the community were randomly selected as the research objects.Questionnaire was used to investigate their knowledge of prevention and control of chronic non-communicable diseases,and to understand their attitudes and actual behaviors towards prevention and control of chronic non-communicable diseases.All data were generally calculated,according to gender,marital status,age,economic status,medical security,the scores of relevant knowledge,attitudes,behaviors were compared.Results The scores of relevant knowledge awareness,attitudes,and behaviors of the subjects in this study were (39.04±13.68) points,(4.33±1.66) points,and (10.32±3.70) points,respectively.There were no statistically significant differences in prevention and control knowledge awareness and attitude of chronic non-communicable diseases among male and female residents (P>0.05).The women′s behavior score was higher than that of men,with significant difference (P<0.05).The prevention and control knowledge awareness,attitudes and behavioral scores of chronic non-communicable diseases among unmarried people were lower than those in the married populations,with statistically significant difference (P<0.05).The prevention and control knowledge awareness,attitude and behavior scores of chronic non-communicable diseases were the highest among populations aged 35-<60 years old,followed by 15-<35 years old,the lowest was among those over 60 years old,which were displayed significant differences (P<0.05).The prevention and control knowledge awareness and attitude scores of chronic non-communicable diseases in the medical insurance populations were higher than those of non-medical insurance,and the behavior score was lower compared with that of non-medical insurance populations,with statistical significance (P<0.05).The higher the economic income of these investigated residents,the higher the scores of prevention and control knowledge awareness,attitude and behavior of chronic non-communicable diseases,which was displayed statistical significance (P<0.05).Conclusion Prevention and control knowledge awareness,attitudes and behavioral status of chronic non-communicable diseases are directly related to their gender (behaviors in women are better than men),marital status (married is better than unmarried),age group (mainly 35-<60 years old),economic status (the better economic status is,the higher level of knowledge awareness),medical security (residents with medical insurance are superior to those without).The prevention and control knowledge awareness,attitudes,and behaviors of chronic non-communicable diseases increase following the improvement of living standard.