应用六西格玛评价陕西省临床检验质量

Application of Six Sigma to Evaluate Quality Indicators’ Data in Clinical Laboratory in Shaanxi Province

目的应用六西格玛(6σ)评价陕西省15项临床检验质量指标调查数据,发现实验室质量管理方面存在的不足,并提出改进建议.方法实验室在线填报质量指标数据,将数据转化为σ值进行评价.结果参加调查的临床实验室256家.15项质量指标中,对于标本可接受性指标(7项)和检验报告适当性指标(3项),90.0%以上的实验室数据可接受(σ≥3);而室内质控与室间质评指标(5项)的数据可接受比率较低.室内质控项目开展率、室内质控项目变异系数不合格率、室间质评项目参加率、实验室间比对率的实验室数据不可接受(σ<2)的比率分别是60.7%、7.1%、16.2%、94.9%.结论陕西省临床实验室参与调查的积极性尚待提高.实验室应加强信息系统建设,积极开展检测项目的室内质控,参加室间质评,以提高临床实验室检验质量.

Objective To evaluate the data of 15 clinical quality indicators in Shaanxi Province by using Six Sigma (6σ), and to find out the limitations of laboratory quality management so proposed suggestion. Methods Participates filled in quality indicators data online, and then the data were converted into σ values for evaluation. Results There were 256 clinical laboratories participating in the survey. Among the 15 quality indicators, for the specimen quality indicators (7 items) and the test report appropriateness quality indicators (3 items), more than 90.0% of laboratories data were acceptable (σ≥3). However, the data of internal quality control and external quality assessment indicators(5 items) were not very satisfactory. Fortest covered by internal quality control rate, test with inappropriate internal quality control performances rate,test covered by an external quality assessment control rate and interlaboratory comparison rate, the unacceptable rates of laboratories data (σ<2 ) were 60.7 %, 7.1 %, 16.2 % and 94.9 %, respectively. Conclusion Applying 6σ to evaluate the quality indicators data is simple, intuitive, effective and easy to compare, which is helpful for the laboratories to find the limitations and further improve the management quality.