时空表象何以可能是先天的——论康德时空表象的先天性质

On the Priori Nature and Source of Kant’s Representation of Time and Space:Why is the Representation of Time and Space Possible to Be a Priori

康德认为时空表象是先验感性的先天形式,他对时空表象的先天性论证分为一反一正两个论证,既包括对经验论者时空观的反面批评,又包括对时空性质的正面论证。康德的观点在当代面对着众多学者的批评。以康德哲学的整体性为基础,同时以康德哲学的先验层面和经验层面的区分为原则,对康德的论证以及学者们的反对意见进行审视,可以发现批评者的意见虽然重要,但是并不能切中康德论证的核心,康德的核心观点仍能得到有效辩护,时空表象的先天性质依然值得进一步研究。

Kant believes that the representation of space and time is a priori form of transcendental sensibility,and his congenital argument of space and time representation is divided into two arguments,i.e.the negative criticism of the empiricism’s viewof space and time,and the positive argument of the nature of space and time.Because Kant’s argument in"The Critique of Pure Reason"is extremely condensed,it is faced with the criticism from many scholars in the contemporary times.Based on the wholeness of Kant’s philosophy,and taking the distinction between the transcendental level and the empirical level of Kant’s philosophy as the principle,this paper examines Kant’s negative and positive argument,as well as the objections of some scholars.We find that critics’opinions,though important,does not hit the point when attacking Kant’s argument and his core views can still be effectively justified.The innate nature of the space-time representation of Kant’s philosophy still deserves further research.