汉镜铭文中的“宜”与“利”

“Yi”(宜) and “Li”(利) in the Bronze Mirror Inscriptions of the Han Dynasty

"宜"是汉镜铭文中的一个高频词,有动词和形容词两种词性,与之同义的"利"也频繁出现。镜铭中"宜"与"利"既有同义性,又在分工上存在明显的互补关系。综合传世文献中表"利"义之"宜"出现的有限频次与"宜""利"的词义演变路径的梳理,可以发现汉镜铭文中的"宜"是一个承古词,反映了汉镜铭文用词的古雅特色和语言表达形式的高度程式化特点。

"Yi"(宜)was a high-frequency word in the bronze mirror inscriptions of the Han Dynasty,which was used as verbs and adjectives."Li"(利),which had the same meaning,were also used frequently.After the analysis of the use of"Yi"(宜)and"Li"(利)in the bronze mirror inscriptions of the Han dynasty,we found that they are not only synonymous,but also complementary with different functions of each character.By sorting out the semantic evolution paths of"Yi"(宜)and"Li"(利),with the reference to the limited frequency of those"Yi"(宜)which means"Li"(利)in the handed-down literature,we found that"Yi"(宜)belonged to an ancient word.It showed the stylized features of the mirror inscriptions and also its elegant language style.