基于人口学特征的大学生创业意愿实证研究——以广东省高校为例

An Empirical Study on College Students’ Entrepreneurial Intention Based on Demographic Characteristics:Cases from Universities in Guangdong Province

围绕“什么样的大学生更愿意创业?”设计问卷,对广东省内20多所高校的在校大学生进行大样本问卷调查,探讨个人、家庭等人口学特征对大学生创业意愿的影响。研究表明,个人因素方面,除年级因素无显著影响外,男性创业意愿显著高于女生,非经济管理专业创业意愿显著高于经济管理专业,学习成绩一般的创业意愿显著高于学习成绩优秀的。家庭背景方面,家庭收入、父母受教育水平、父母创业经历均对大学生创业意愿无显著影响,但家庭常住地为农村的学生创业意愿显著高于城镇学生。研究提出要更准确地识别大学生创业者的群体特征,根据个体特征的差异提供差别化的创业教育,依据不同的创业诉求提供多样化的创业支持等。

Focusing on the question of what kind of college students are more willing to start a business,we designed a questionnaire and conducted a large sample survey on college students from more than 20 universities in Guangdong province,so as to explore the influence of individual,family and other demographic characteristics on college students entrepreneurial intention.The research shows that in terms of individual factors,except grade factors,the males entrepreneurial intention is higher than that of females,the non-economic management majors entrepreneurial intention is significantly higher than economic management majors,and entrepreneurial intention of students with average academic performance is significantly higher than that with excellent academic performance.In terms of family background,family income,parents education level and parents entrepreneurial experience have no significant influence on college students entrepreneurial intention,but the entrepreneurial intention of students whose families live in rural areas is significantly higher than that of students in urban areas.It is proposed to more accurately identify the group characteristics of college entrepreneurs,to provide differentiated entrepreneurship education according to individual characteristics,and to provide diversified entrepreneurship support according to different entrepreneurial demands.