基于SSSL文库的水稻设计育种平台

The platform of breeding by design based on the SSSL library in rice

“设计育种”是21世纪初提出的新概念,是指有目的地利用作物基因组中有利等位基因来设计并培育人们所需要的品种。在过去的20年中,本实验室制定了“三步走”的策略开展水稻设计育种研究,构建了基于染色体单片段代换系(single-segment substitution line,SSSL)文库的水稻设计育种平台,并在水稻设计育种上取得了初步的成效。基于SSSL平台开展水稻设计育种,能有效地利用SSSL文库的基因资源,设计并培育出各种各样的水稻新元件、新品系和新品种。本文详细介绍了水稻SSSL文库的构建以及利用该文库开展水稻设计育种的探索,以期为水稻乃至作物的设计育种提供参考。

Breeding by design is a new concept proposed in the beginning of the century. It refers to the breeding of varieties by crop design utilizing favorable alleles dispersed in different genetic resources in a genome. In the past 20 years, we have proposed a "three-step" strategy to carry out the research on breeding by design in rice. Firstly, we constructed a library of chromosomal single-segment substitution lines (SSSLs) by using of Huajingxian74 (HJX74), an elite xian (indica) variety from South China as the recipient and 43 accessions of seven species of rice AA genome as donors. The genes in the substituted segments of SSSLs were then detected. Breeding by design was conducted by selecting the favorable genes from the SSSL library. Our practice indicates that the SSSL library is a powerful platform for breeding by design and various "traits","lines" and "varieties" of rice can be designed and bred by utilizing abundant genes in the SSSL library. Here, we introduce the platform of the HJX74-SSSL library and our work of breeding by design on the platform. It will provide a case study for crop design.