言语行为动词研究和对外汉语教学

Speech Act Verbs and Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language

本文以对外汉语教学为视角,对言语行为动词进行了界定,给出了成词条件和形式标志,认为言语行为动词是一个家族相似性范畴,并将之分为行事动词、说话动词和拟音动词三类。本文选取两个表情类行事动词,调查了它们在三部学习词典中的处理情况,发现这些词典在释义、示例、同义词辨析,尤其是语用信息说明方面都有待完善。之后,分析了英语母语者学习汉语言语行为动词的偏误实例,分析表明,为搞好对外汉语词汇教学,要重视跨语言比较研究,重视词汇的语义特征和语用信息的说明。最后,提出了几个值得进一步深入探讨的问题。

From the perspective of Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language(TCFL),this paper defines the Speech Act Verb(SAV),gives the conditions of being SAV and the syntactic marks,and considers that SAVs are a family similarity category,which can be divided into three types:Illocutionary verbs,Locutionary verbs and Phonically descriptive verbs.This paper chooses two expressive verbs from the Illocutionary verbs and investigates their processing in three learning dictionaries.It is found that these dictionaries need to be improved in terms of interpretation,example,synonym discrimination,especially in terms of pragmatic information description.After that,it analyses some examples of errors made by native English speakers in learning Chinese SAVs.The analysis shows that in order to improve vocabulary teaching of Chinese as a foreign language,we should attach importance to cross-linguistic comparative study and the explanation of semantic features and pragmatic information of vocabulary.Finally,several issues deserving of further discussion are put forward.