汉语二语教师研究方法述评

A Review of Research Methods in Studies of TCSL Teachers

本文对国内有关汉语教师的研究文章所使用的研究方法做了述评。所选文章限于国内汉语教学界影响较大的四本期刊,共79篇,时间跨度为1989-2018年。研究主要发现:(1)汉语教师研究的范式经历了从论述研究为主到实证研究为主的发展过程;(2)在实证研究中,汉语教师研究的数据收集方法以量性方式为主,质性研究和混合研究很少;(3)在量性研究中,使用最多的数据统计方法是t检验。存在的问题主要是量性研究和质性研究比例失衡,数据收集和统计分析方法相对单一,且多有不规范之处。最后,本文从拓展和规范量性、质性和混合研究,加强研究方法课程建设,以及制定相关研究指南与规范三个角度提出建议。希望本文对汉语教师研究的规范化和科学化有一定的参考意义。

This article reviewed the research methods in studies of teachers of Teaching Chinese as a Second Language(TCSL)in China.Seventy-nine relevant published articles were selected from four influential journals,ranging from 1989 to 2018.There were three main findings.First,the research trend in studies of TCSL teachers had progressed from speculative fashion to empirical fashion.Second,quantitative methods dominated the empirical studies,and far less research using qualitative methods or mixed-methods was conducted.Third,t-test was the most popular statistical analysis method in quantitative studies.However,limitations were also observed in the unbalanced use of quantitative,qualitative and mixed-methods studies,the unstandardized use of data collection and data analysis methods in empirical studies,as well as the unstandardized formats in reporting data and results.We put forward three suggestions in terms of broadening and standardizing the carry-out of quantitative,qualitative and mixed-methods studies,upgrading the status of research methods courses,and designing guidelines in conducting studies of TCSL teachers.