实木家具生产中机械配料的典型工艺与设备

Typical Techniques and Equipment of Mechanical Dimension in the Production of Solid Wood Furniture

配料是按照产品零部件的尺寸、规格和质量要求,将锯材锯制成各种规格和形状的毛料的加工过程。由于配料是实木家具生产的重要前道工段,因此,会直接影响材料利用率、劳动生产率、产品成本、产品质量和经济效益等。目前,在我国实木家具生产中,在生产规模、设备条件、技术水平、加工工艺及加工习惯等多种因素的影响下配料方式也多种多样。笔者主要概述了人工半机械配料、机械自动配料和机械智能配料等3种典型方式。随着工业4.0与"两化"融合的推广应用,实木家具生产中的配料积极采用机械自动化和智能化的工艺与装备,对推动和实施实木家具的智能制造和转型升级具有十分重要的现实意义。

Dimension is the process of splitting and cutting the wood into the required size and shape using the cutter saw according to the size,specifications and quality requirements of the product components. Due to dimension is one of the important preceding procedure of the solid wood furniture production,it will directly affect the utilization rate of material,labor productivity,the product cost,product quality,economic benefit,etc. At present,in the production of solid wood furniture in our country,dimension has various modes due to the effects of many factors in aspects of the scale of production,equipment conditions,technical level,processing technology and processing habits. This paper mainly summarizes three typical methods of dimension as manual labor and semi-mechanization,mechanical automation,and intelligent. As the large-scale popularization and application of the industry 4.0 and the combination of industrialization and informationization,wood dimension must adopt mechanical automation and intelligent technology and equipment,which will have very important practical significance to promote and implement intelligent manufacturing and transformation and upgrading for the production of solid wood furniture.