2011-2015年苏州地区儿童难治性肺炎支原体肺炎流行病学分析

Epidemiological Analysis of Refractory Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Pneumonia in Children in Suzhou from 2011 to 2015

目的:分析苏州地区儿童难治性肺炎支原体肺炎(RMPP)流行病学特征,为临床合理诊疗提供参考。方法:收集2011年1月至2015年12月苏州地区11 064例肺炎住院患儿的痰标本,采用荧光定量PCR法检测MP-DNA;同时在入院24 h内及治疗7~10 d采集静脉血,ELISA法检测血清特异性MP抗体IgG、IgM,结合临床表现分析RMPP流行状况。结果:RMPP在MPP中的总发生率为14. 30%,其中男性发生率为13. 12%,女性发生率为15. 90%,女性患儿RMPP发生率明显高于男性患儿(χ^2=5. 918,P<0. 05)。<4岁患儿RMPP发生率为6. 83%,4~7岁为20. 86%,≥7岁为40. 84%,RMPP发生率随着年龄的增大逐渐升高(χ^2=365. 233,P<0. 01)。春季RMPP发生率为14. 39%,夏季为16. 93%,秋季为12. 56%,冬季为12. 88%,夏季RMPP发生率最高(χ^2=10. 426,P<0. 05)。2011-2015年住院患儿RMPP在MPP中的发生率逐年升高(χ^2=52. 709,P<0. 01)。结论:苏州地区2011-2015年RMPP在MPP中的发生率为14. 30%,女性患儿RMPP发生率高于男性,随着年龄的增大RMPP发生率逐渐升高,夏季为RMPP高发季节,RMPP有逐年升高的趋势。

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia( RMPP) in children,so as to provide reference for clinical rational diagnosis and treatment. Methods: Sputum specimens of 11,064 cases of hospitalized children with pneumonia in Suzhou from Jan. 2011 to Dec. 2015 were collected. MP-DNA was detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR. Meanwhile,venous blood were collected within 24 h after admission and 7 to 10 d after treatment. MP antibody IgG and IgM were tested by ELISA. The prevalence of RMPP was analyzed combined with clinical symptoms. Results: The incidence of RMPP in MPP was 14. 30%,13. 12% in male and 15. 90% in female,and the incidence of RMPP in female children was significantly higher than that in male(χ^2= 5. 918,P < 0. 05). The incidence of RMPP in children aged < 4 years was 6. 83%,4 to 7 years was20. 86%,and ≥7 years was 40. 84%. The incidence of RMPP increased with age(χ^2= 365. 233,P< 0. 01). The incidence of RMPP was 14. 39% in spring,16. 93% in summer,12. 56% in autumn and 12. 88% in winter,with the highest incidence in summer(χ^2=10. 426,P<0. 05). The incidence of RMPP in hospitalized children increased year by year from 2011 to 2015(χ^2= 52. 709,P<0. 01).Conclusion: From 2011 to 2015,the incidence of RMPP in MPP in Suzhou was 14. 30%,and the incidence of RMPP in female children was higher than that in male children. With the increase of age,the incidence of RMPP gradually increased. Summer is the peak season of RMPP,and RMPP has the tendency to increase year by year.