如何规避学科组织分化的失范现象

How to Avoid Anomie of Discipline Organization Differentiation

目前,大学学科组织分化已成为一种普遍现象。伯顿·克拉克运用涂尔干劳动分工理论解释了学科组织分化的目的--避免组织冲突。但克拉克并未继续阐述的是:涂尔干劳动分工理论中由于劳动分工所带来的三种失范现象在学科组织分化中也同样存在。为了规避学科组织分化所导致的失范现象,有必要循着克拉克的脚步继续往下讨论。学科组织分化可能产生三种失范现象:分散性失范、强制性失范以及竞争性失范。为了摆脱学科组织分化的"失范"状态,需要避免"分散"状态、善用"强制"力量、走出"竞争"思维,以使学科组织达成"有机团结"的理想状态。

At present, the differentiation of university discipline organization in our country has become a common phenomenon. Burton R. Clark used Durkheim’s theory about the division of labour to explain the purpose of discipline organization differentiation-avoiding organizational conflicts. However, What Clark did not continue to elaborate is that the three types of anomie in the division of labor also exist in the differentiation of disciplines organization. In order to avoid the anomie caused by the differentiation of disciplines, we need to extend Clark’s work and discuss further. Disciplinary organization differentiation may produce three kinds of anomie: dispersal anomie, mandatory anomie, and competitive anomie. In order to get rid of the anomie state of disciplinary organization differentiation, we need to avoid the dispersal state, make good use of the mandatory force, and get out of the thinking in competition, so that the discipline organization can achieve the ideal state of "organic solidarity".