聚苯乙烯微球的制备及其在再生基础油中的分散抗磨性研究

Preparation of Polystyrene Microspheres and Their Dispersion and Antiwear Properties in Regenerated Base Oils

采用分散聚合的方法合成不同单体添加量的4种聚苯乙烯微球,用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、热重分析(TGA)、差示扫描量热法(DSC)、红外光谱分析(IR)等方法表征其性能,筛选出苯乙烯单体最佳添加量。将不同质量分数的聚苯乙烯微球添加到再生基础油中,通过紫外可见分光光度计检测油样分散情况,通过四球摩擦试验机考察其摩擦学性能,并探讨高低负载下微球的抗磨减摩机制。结果表明:苯乙烯单体添加量为18 m L时合成的微球效果最佳;聚苯乙烯微球在再生润滑油中显示出优异的减摩抗磨效果,在质量分数0. 30%的最优添加量下,可使再生基础油的摩擦因数下降77. 67%,磨斑直径减小27. 3%。在低负荷下添加聚苯乙烯微球的再生润滑油的摩擦因数曲线较为平稳,且总体低于高负荷下的摩擦因数,表明聚苯乙烯微球更适于在低负荷下使用。这是因为在低负荷下微球在摩擦表面主要起到了"滚珠"的作用,而在高载荷下微球仅起到滑动作用。

Four polystyrene microspheres with different monomer addition were synthesized by the method of dispersion polymerization,and the properties of polystyrene microspheres were characterized by SEM,TGA,DSC and IR,and the optimum addition of styrene monomer was screened.The polystyrene microspheres with different concentrations were added to the regenerated base oil,and the dispersion and tribological behavior of oil samples were detected by UV visible spectrophotometer and four ball friction tester. The anti-wear and friction reducing mechanism of microspheres under different loads was discussed.The results show that when the styrene monomer dosage is 18 mL,the synthesized microspheres have the best effect.Polystyrene microspheres show excellent friction reducing and anti-wear effect in the regenerated base oil,which can reduce the friction coefficient by 77. 67% and the wear scar diameter by 27. 3% at the optimum addition of 0. 30%( mass fraction).At low load,he friction coefficient curves of regenerated base oil with polystyrene microspheres is relatively stable,and is generally smaller than that under high load,which indicates that polystyrene microspheres are more suitable for use at low load. This is because the microspheres play a "ball"role on the friction surface under low load,while the microspheres only play a sliding role under high load.