口腔医疗机构艾滋病职业暴露及职业防护的研究进展

Research progress on occupational exposure and protection from acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in stomatological departments

艾滋病(AIDS)是由人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)引起的一类传染性极强、蔓延速度快、病死率高的传染性疾病,是我国公众健康及传染病防治中的一个难题。口腔诊疗工作的特征,使口腔医疗机构/口腔科成为HIV/AIDS职业暴露的重点部门,医务人员面临较高的HIV/AIDS职业暴露风险。本研究对HIV/AIDS的流行状况及传播途径、HIV/AIDS患者口腔病变、口腔医疗机构HIV/AIDS职业暴露及职业防护的现状进行综述。

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS)is an infectious disease caused by human immunodeficiency virus(HIV).The disease is highly infectious,quickly spreads,and has a high fatality rate.Hence,it is a major concern in public health,and an important subject in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases.The medical staff of stomatological departments,which handle the diagnosis and treatment of oral diseases,are at particularly high risk of occupational exposure to HIV/AIDS.This study summarizes the HIV/AIDS epidemic status,disease transmission routes,oral lesions in HIV/AIDS patients,occupational exposure,and occupational protection in stomatological departments.