碳纤维表面处理技术研究进展

Research progress of surface modification technology of carbon fiber

介绍了在碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料中常用的碳纤维表面处理技术,以及不同处理方式对碳纤维力学性能及其增强的聚合物复合材料力学性能的影响。比较了各种表面处理技术的优缺点,并分析了碳纤维表面处理技术的发展趋势。目前,碳纤维的表面处理技术主要有电化学氧化法、偶联剂涂层处理、气相氧化法、液相氧化法和等离子体处理,其中,气相氧化法是目前比较常用的方法,电化学氧化法是目前唯一能够在碳纤维制备时可在线连续运行的技术,且经电化学氧化处理过的碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料的整体性能均得到提高。采用碳纳米管和石墨烯等碳纳米材料对碳纤维进行表面处理已成为新的研究热点,碳纤维表面处理的低成本化、绿色化和连续生产化将是今后的重点研究方向。

The surface treatment technology of carbon fibers commonly used in carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composites was introduced.And the effects of different treatment methods on the mechanical properties of carbon fibers and polymer composites reinforced by carbon fibers were also discussed.The advantages and disadvantages of various surface treatment technologies were compared.And the development trend of carbon fiber surface treatment technology was analyzed.The main surface treatment technologies of carbon fibers include electrochemical oxidation,coupling agent coating,gas phase oxidation,liquid phase oxidation and plasma treatment.Among them,vapor phase oxidation is the most common method at present,and electrochemical oxidation is the only technology that can run continuously on-line in the preparation of carbon fibers and contributed the comprehensive performance greatly improved to carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composites.The surface treatment of carbon fibers with carbon nanotubes and graphene has become a new research hotspot.The future research of surface treatment will be focused on the low-cost,green and continuous production of carbon fibers.