断奶犊牛瘤胃微生物区系建立和发育的影响因素

Influence Factors of Establishment and Development of Rumen Microbiota in Weaning Calves

瘤胃微生物区系对瘤胃行使正常的反刍消化功能起着重要作用。犊牛瘤胃在尚未发育阶段,其瘤胃中含有的微生物在断奶期间会受多种因素影响而发生巨大变化,且逐步建立并发育形成成熟的瘤胃微生物区系。稳定完善的微生物区系的建立有利于获得后期产奶潜力和饲料利用率的最大化,因此深入探讨犊牛断奶期间瘤胃微生物区系建立发育的影响因素对科学研究和实际生产至关重要。本文综述了断奶期间犊牛瘤胃微生物区系建立与发育的过程及其影响因素,从而为犊牛早期科学饲养管理、营养调控以及断奶期间的精细养殖提供参考依据。

Rumen microbiota plays an important role in ruminant digestion.The rumen of calves is in the undeveloped stage,and the microorganisms contained in the rumen will be greatly changed by various factors during weaning,and gradually establish and develop mature rumen microbiota.The establishment of stable and complete microbiota is conducive to the maximization of the potential of later milk production and the utilization rate of feed.Therefore,in-depth discussion on the factors influencing the establishment and development of rumen microbiota during weaning of calves is of great importance to scientific research and practical production.This article reviewed the establishment and development of rumen microbiota of calves during weaning and its influencing factors,so as to provide reference for calf early scientific breeding management,nutrition manipulation and precision breeding during weaning.