德氏乳杆菌和低聚木糖对环江香猪生长性能和血浆生化参数的影响

Effects of Lactobacillus delbrueckii and Xylo-Oligosaccharides on Growth Performance and Plasma Biochemical Parameters of Huanjiang Mini-Pigs

本试验旨在研究德氏乳杆菌和低聚木糖对环江香猪生长性能和血浆生化参数的影响。选取平均体重为9.5 kg左右的环江香猪96头,随机分为3组,每组8个重复,每个重复4头(公母各占1/2)。对照组猪只饲喂基础饲粮,试验1组、试验2组猪只分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0.05%德氏乳杆菌、0.05%德氏乳杆菌+0.02%低聚木糖的试验饲粮。预试期3 d,正试期84 d。试验期间,每日记录采食量,分别于试验第1、28、56和84天称取空腹体重,计算各阶段平均日采食量(ADFI)、平均日增重(ADG)和料重比(F/G);分别于试验第28、56和84天采集血液样品,检测血浆生化参数。结果表明:与对照组相比,试验第29~56天试验1组、试验2组的ADG显著升高(P<0.05),试验第57~84天试验1组F/G显著降低(P<0.05),试验第1~84天试验1组和试验2组F/G显著降低(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,试验第28天,试验1组血浆甘油三酯(TG)和总蛋白(TP)浓度以及试验2组血浆TP、白蛋白(ALB)和TG浓度与碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性显著升高(P<0.05);试验第56天,试验1组血浆氨(NH3)浓度和淀粉酶(AMS)活性以及试验2组血浆AMS活性显著升高(P<0.05);试验第84天,试验1组血浆葡萄糖(GLU)和TG浓度以及AMS和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性显著降低(P<0.05),试验2组血浆TP浓度显著升高(P<0.05)且血浆谷草转氨酶(AST)和LDH活性显著降低(P<0.05)。另外,试验第56天,试验2组血浆TP、ALB、尿素氮(UN)、GLU、TG、胆固醇(CHO)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)浓度以及肝脂酶(HL)活性显著高于对照组和试验1组(P<0.05),同时血浆AST和LDH活性显著低于对照组和试验1组(P<0.05)。上述结果提示,饲粮中单独添加德氏乳杆菌或同时添加德氏乳杆菌和低聚木糖可提高环江香猪的ADG、降低F/G,这可能与德氏乳杆菌和低聚木糖影响了机体氮代谢和糖脂代谢相关生化参数有关。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of Lactobacillus delbrueckii and xylo-oligosaccharides on growth performance and plasma biochemical parameters of Huanjiang mini-pigs.A total of 96 Huanjiang mini-pigs with an average body weight about 9.5 kg were randomly divided into 3 groups with 8 replicates per group and 4 pigs(male:female=1:1)per replicate.Pigs in control group were fed a basal diet,and those in trial groups 1 and 2 were fed experimental diets which supplemented with 0.05%Lactobacillus delbrueckii and 0.05%Lactobacillus delbrueckii+0.02%xylo-oligosaccharides,respectively,in the basal diet.The pre-test period was 3 days,and the trial period was 84 days.During the experiment,the feed intake was recorded daily,and the fasting body weights were weighed on days 1,28,56 and 84 of the trial,respectively.The average daily feed intake(ADFI),average daily gain(ADG)and feed/gain(F/G)werecalculated on each stage.On days 28,56 and 84 of the trial,blood samples were collected for determining plasma biochemical parameters.The results showed that,compared with the control group,the ADG of trial groups 1 and 2 was significantly increased on day 29 to 56 of the trial(P<0.05),the F/G of trial group 1 was significantly decreased on day 57 to 84 of the trial(P<0.05),and the F/G of trial groups 1 and 2 was significantly decreased on day 1 to 84 of the trial(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,on day 28 of the trial,the plasma triglyceride(TG)and total protein(TP)concentrations of trial group 1 were significantly increased(P<0.05),as well as the plasma TP,albumin(ALB)and TG concentrations and alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity of trial group 2;on day 56 of the trial,the plasma ammonia(NH3)concentration and amylase(AMS)activity of trial group 1 and plasma AMS activity of trial group 2 were significantly increased(P<0.05);on day 84 of the trial,the plasma glucose(GLU)and TG concentrations and AMS and lactic dehydrogenase(LDH)activities of trial group 1 were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the plasma TP concentration of trial group 2 was significantly increased(P<0.05),as well as the plasma aspartate aminotransferase(AST)and LDH activities were significantly decreased(P<0.05).In addition,on day 56 of the trial,the plasma TP,ALB,urea nitrogen(UN),GLU,TG,cholesterol(CHO)and low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)concentrations and hepatic lipase(HL)activity of trial group 2 were significantly higher(P<0.05),while AST concentration and LDH activity were significantly lower than those of control group and trial group 1(P<0.05).These findings suggest that supplementation of Lactobacillus delbrueckii alone or combined with xylo-oligosaccharides in the diet can increase ADG and reduce F/G of Huanjiang mini-pigs,which may be related to biochemical parameters related to nitrogen and glycolipid metabolism.