燃煤电厂周边河流中氟、砷和重金属污染健康风险评价

Health Risk Assesment of Fluorine, Arsenic and Heavy Metals in River around Coal-fired Power Plant

通过在某燃煤电厂周边河流中布设15个采样点,监测其中氟(F)、砷(As)和重金属的含量,并评价其通过饮水和皮肤接触途径对不同人群所产生的健康风险。结果表明:河流中F、As、Cd、Cr监测值均未超过《地表水环境质量标准》(GB3838—2002)Ⅲ类标准限值,Hg严重超标;河流中污染物所致儿童和成人健康危害的总风险分别为2.62×10^-5a^-1和1.76×10^-5a^-1,均高于瑞典环保局、荷兰建设和环境部推荐的最大可接受风险水平1.0×10^-6a^-1,其中As、Cr对儿童的健康危害风险较大,分别为1.69×10^-5a^-1和9.21×10^-6a^-1,应作为风险决策管理的重点。

The health risks of fluorine,arsenic and heavy metals through drinking water and dermal exposure were evaluated base on the monitoring data from fifteen sampling sites in river around a coal-fired power plant.The results showed that the concentration of F,As,Cd,Cr were below the standard limits of gradeⅢin Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water(GB 3838-2002).The concentration of Hg seriously exceeded the standard limit.The total health risk of the pollutants for children and adult were 2.62×10^-5 a^-1 and 1.76×10^-5 a^-1,respectively,both were higher than the maximum acceptable risk of 1.0×10^-6 a^-1 recommended by Sweden and Holland Environmental Protection Bureau.As and Cr had severe health risks for children with the total health risk of 1.69×10^-5 a^-1 and 9.21×10^-6 a^-1,respectively,and should be regarded as the targets of risk control.