婴幼儿面部中线型毛细血管畸形的诊疗意义与进展

Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of midline facial capillary malformations in infants

单纯型血管痣(naevus simplex,NS)与葡萄酒色斑(port wine stain,PWS)是婴幼儿面部红斑的两种常见病,两者形态学上很相似,易于混淆,但两者的发展及预后完全不同。从传统意义上来说,我们按自然病程和发生部位来鉴别NS和PWS。本文对婴幼儿NS和PWS的临床特征、诊断方法、治疗与预后等方面的最新进展进行分析、总结,发现位于面部中线区域的红斑,是高危型Sturge-Weber综合征的临床表现之一。对于婴幼儿面部中线型毛细血管畸形,在密切随访的同时需考虑是否为复杂型临床综合征。早发现、早治疗该类型血管畸形对改善患儿的预后有重要意义。

Naevus simplex and port wine stain are common causes of facial erythema in infants.They are highly similar in morphology while different in development and prognosis.Clinicians usually distinguish them by natural course and location.This paper summarizes the latest research advances of naevus simplex and port wine stain from the aspects of clinical features,examination methods,treatment and prognosis.Midline facial erythema is one of the high-risk clinical manifestations of Sturge-Weber syndrome.For infants with midline erythema,the possibility of complex clinical syndrome should be considered during close follow-ups.Early detection and prompt treatment of these syndromes is vital for improving the prognosis of children.