脊柱皮质骨钉道螺钉的基础研究进展

Progress in basic research of cortical bone trajectory screw in the spine

椎弓根螺钉固定系统是脊柱外科常用的固定方式,生物力学稳定性良好,固定效果可靠。然而对于骨质疏松症患者,骨质量降低将导致椎弓根螺钉稳定性下降,置钉过程中难以避免相关并发症的发生。2009年Santoni等首次提出皮质骨钉道(CBT)螺钉技术,可增加螺钉的抗拔出力及稳定性,应用前景广阔。本文就脊柱皮质骨生物力学以及胸椎、腰椎、骶椎CBT螺钉置钉技术、螺钉参数等基础研究进行文献综述,以期为CBT螺钉的临床置钉提供参考依据。

Pedicle screw fixation system is a kind of common fixation methods in spine surgery,with good biomechanical stability and reliable fixation effect.However,for patients with osteoporosis,decreased bone mass will lead to decreased stability of pedicle screw,and it is difficult to avoid related complications in the process of screw placement.In 2009,Santoni et al.firstly proposed the technique of cortical bone trajectory(CBT)screw,which could increase the pulling resistance and stability of the screw,and has a broad application prospect.This paper reviews the literature on basic researches of biomechanics of spinal cortical bone,as well as CBT screw placement technique and CBT screw parameters in thoracic,lumbar and sacral vertebrae,so as to provide references for the clinical practice of CBT screw placement.