鸦岗断面水污染源解析及对策研究

Analysis of the Water Pollution Source of the Yagang Section and Countermeasures

随着中国城市化程度提高,基础设施管网建设落后,部分城市污水直排入河导致地表水质不达标。以广东省鸦岗国家考核水质断面为例,选取COD、氨氮、总磷为主要研究对象,对鸦岗水环境现状进行分析,对主要入河污染物的量进行计算。结果表明,鸦岗断面水质超标的主要因子为氨氮,年均值浓度为1.98mg/L,年入河量为4010t,超出Ⅳ类水(1.5mg/L)目标。污染源主要来自生活污水直排入河,生活源对氨氮的污染贡献率为92%。此外,断面水质还受上游来水水质及感潮河段污染物回荡影响。根据污染源解析结果,提出了具有针对性的建议,为鸦岗断面水质达标及区域水污染控制提供依据和思路。

With the improvement of urbanization in China, the construction of urban infrastructure pipe network is falling behind, and the discharge of sewage from some cities into the river leads to the failure of surface water quality to meet the standard. Taking the water quality section of the Yagang in Guangdong Province as an example, COD, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus were selected as the main research objects. The current situation of the water environment in the Yagang was analyzed, and the amount of pollutants entering the river was calculated. The results showed that the main factor of water quality exceeding the standard in the Yagang section was ammonia nitrogen, with an annual average concentration of 1.98 mg/L and an annual river intake of 4 010 t, exceeding the target water of Ⅳ class (1.5 mg/L). The pollution source mainly comes from the direct discharge of domestic sewage into the river, and the contribution rate of living sources to ammonia nitrogen pollution is 92%. In addition, the water quality of the section is also affected by the upstream water quality and the reverberation of pollutants in the tidal reaches. According to the analysis results of pollution sources, this paper puts forward some targeted suggestions to provide basis and ideas for water quality compliance and regional water pollution control in the Yagang section.