城市立体绿化困境的社会成因及其对策探讨

Discussion on the Social Causes and Countermeasures about the Dilemma of Urban Dimensional Greening

立体绿化近年来一直被大力提倡与推广,但是目前的发展却陷入困境。从社会群体的角度出发探讨立体绿化困境的社会成因,认为立体绿化的正功能存在于建筑物、个体生活与城市系统3个领域,负功能则包括安全风险上升、经济成本增加与生活质量下降3方面。以居民的“功能差序格局”逻辑为标准将立体绿化的功能从低到高划分为安全、经济、生活质量与城市系统4个层次。结果表明立体绿化的负功能主要集中在较低层次,而正功能则集中在较高层次且大多可以实现功能替代,因此负功能处于社会群体的优先考虑范畴,导致社会群体进行立体绿化的意愿较低,社会参与度严重不足。立体绿化走出困境的可能途径是采取与社会需求相适应的技术与政策,最大程度的降低负功能并且寻求较低层次的正功能。

Urban Dimensional Greening had been strongly promoted in recent years,but it ran into development difficulties. This paper discussed the social causes of dimensional greening predicament from the social groups perspective. The results indicate that the positive functions of Dimensional Greening exist in the three fields: buildings,individual life and urban system. The negative functions include the increase of security risks,the increase of economic costs and the decline of the life quality. Taking the logic of “functional difference pattern” of residents as the standard,the functions of Dimensional Greening are divided into four levels: safety, economy, life quality and urban system. The results show that the negative functions of Dimensional Greening are mainly concentrated at lower levels,while the positive functions are concentrated at higher levels and most of them can achieve functional replacement. Therefore, negative functions are in the priority category of social groups,which leads to the low willingness of social groups to carry out Dimensional Greening and the inadequacy of social participation. The possible way for Dimensional Greening to get out of the dilemma is to adopt technologies and policies that were compatible with social needs,to minimize negative functions and to seek lower levels of positive functions.