公路特长隧道互补式通风模式的火灾安全性研究

Study on Road Tunnel Safety in Case of Fire with Complementary Ventilation Mode

互补式通风是近年来出现的一种新型、节能的通风模式。为了研究和评估其在火灾工况下的安全性,采用火灾模拟软件FDS建立了隧道局部模型。根据设备性能及管理水平,设定联络风道内风机及风阀关闭时间为120s。然后分析了着火后相邻隧道内的火灾烟气蔓延规律、温度场分布以及能见度状况。分析结果表明:联络通道风阀关闭前,将会有少量烟气蔓延至相邻隧道,根据温度场和能见度场判断,影响程度在可控范围内;联络通道内风阀关闭后,相邻隧道不再受着火隧道影响。对照国际道路协会(PIARC)研究报告中的人员安全标准,互补式通风模式能满足火灾情况下的安全运营要求。

A new energy-saving ventilation mode called complementary ventilation is adopted recently.In order to study and evaluate the safety in case of fire,a part CFD model of the tunnel is established by using fire simulation software FDS.According to the equipment performance and management level,set the fan and air regulator closing time is 120 s.Then,the law of fire smoke spread,velocity field distribution,temperature field distribution and visibility condition in 600 s after fire are analyzed.The results show that before closing the air valve in contact channel,a small amount of smoke spreads to the adjacent tunnel.According to the temperature field and field visibility judgment,the effect is limited;After closing the air valve in contact channel,no longer subject to influence of tunnel adjacent tunnel fire.According to the safety standards of personnel proposed in the PIARC1999 Research Report,a complementary ventilation system can meet the requirements of tunnel safety operation in case of fire.