论企业污染犯罪中的监督过失责任

Supervisory Liability for Negligence in the Criminal Case of Enterprise Pollution

长期以来,对企业污染犯罪的处理有三种途径:一是对现场直接行为人进行归罪;二是对未在现场的监督者进行渎职或责任事故罪归责;三是对企业进行单位问责。企业作为当前环境犯罪的重要主体之一,如何将其内部人员的刑事责任更加细化与精确,既是实践实务之需,也是过失理论发展之趋。文章以监督过失理论的合理性与自洽性为路径,以我国当前企业污染犯罪为对象,研究如何对现实中企业内部监督者进行规范化问责。

For a long time,there are three ways to deal with the criminal case of corporate pollution:to impute the direct actors on the spot,to impute the supervisors who are not on the spot to be responsible for malfeasance or accident,and to hold the enterprises accountable. Enterprises are the major subjects in the case of environment crime. It is necessary practically to make a more detailed and delicate division of criminal responsibility for the staff. It is also the requirement of the theoretical development. With the approach of considering rationality and self-consistency of the supervisory liability theory,it attempts to,taking China’s enterprise pollution case as the research subject,study the way to standardizing the interior supervisor.