简论《古文渊鉴》的魏晋文章评点

Brief Comment on “An Sight Into Ancient Essays” in the Wei-jin Period

《古文渊鉴》是由康熙御选、徐乾学等编注的大型古文选本,选文多是实用性很强的政府公文。书中的魏晋时期的选文留下了数量可观的文章评点。从评选人及文体情况来看,评选人地位尊贵,大都是当时的文臣与高官,其评点多是对康熙观点的发挥。篇目中涉及诏、书等文体,其中,诏十九篇,疏十六篇。此外,魏晋文章评点中的文学理论具体表现为:宗经、雅正、重情、文气。这四个特点分别体现为:鸿教与至道的结合;典雅庄重的风格;个人性情的体现;清健爽朗的格调。研究《古文渊鉴》的魏晋文章评点,对清代文风建设具有较为重要的意义。

“An Sight into Ancient Essays” is a large-scale Anthology of ancient literature,compiled and annotated by Emperor Kangxi and Xu Qianxue. Selected articles are mostly government documents with strong practicability. Selected articles in the book during the Wei and Jin Dynasties left a considerable number of commentary articles. Firstly,it looks at the selection and stylistic situation. At that time,many literary ministers and high officials had high status,and their comments were mostly about the exertion of Kangxi's views. Among them,19 texts are imperial edicts while 16 texts are sparse. In addition,the literary theory in the commentary of Wei and Jin articles is embodied in the following aspects:sutra,elegance,empathy and literary style. Confucian classics:the combination of great teachings,elegant and solemn style,and embodiment of personality. Therefore,it is of great value to study this book,especially for the construction of literary style in the Qing Dynasty.