金属-金属层状结构复合材料研究进展

Research progress in metal-metal laminated structural composites

金属-金属层状复合材料作为一种新型复合材料越来越受到材料研究者的关注。该类复合材料利用具有不同金属组元本征特性,并充分发挥了金属-金属界面的不同特性以及金属层之间的协调变形效应的优势。由于金属-金属层状复合材料具有高强度、高硬度、耐高温氧化以及优良的塑性,在防冲击、耐磨、航空航天、机械、电子等领域有着广泛的应用。围绕金属-金属层状复合材料的结构特性,阐述组元成分、层厚、应变速率以及外加应力状态等与其性能之间的本构关系,可以为进一步优化该材料的结构有着指导意义。此外,还阐述了制备金属-金属层状复合材料的不同方法以及其适用金属、应用背景等,并着重介绍了一种利用粉末冶金方法制备的具有可控界面的新型Ti基金属-金属层状复合材料,有望广泛运用于其他金属基复合材料的制备。

The laminated metal-metal composites have attracted more attentions to material researchers. This kind of composite utilizes inherit characterists of the component materials, and its mechanical properties also depend on properties of the metal-metal interface, as well as the coordinated deformation effect among adjacent layers. Owing to the high strength, high hardness, high temperature oxidation resistance and excellent ductility, the laminated metal-metal composites were wildly utilized in the fields of impact resistance, wear resistance, aerospace, machine, and so on.Focusing on the structure of the laminated metal-metal composites, the relationships between mechanical properties with component layers, thickness of layers, strain rate during deformation, the state of applied stress, which could be useful for optimizing the microstructure of the composites, were discussed. Besides, the various processes of the metal-metal composites and their potential applications were summarized. Moreover, we provide a novel powder metallurgic method for fabricating a new Ti-based metal-metal composite with controllable interface, which is expected to be widely used,was provided.