日本对个人数据权属的处理方式及其启示

Regulation on Ownership of Personal Data in Japan and Its Implications

目前我国学界对数据权利化之必要性仍存在争议。数据权属问题的核心是把握个人数据应用与保护之间的平衡。梳理我国目前对个人数据权属问题的共识及分歧之处,考察日本对数据权属问题的处理方式,主张过强的数据排他权制度设计不利于数据产业的战略发展,并提出建议即在保障数据安全的基础上,以推动数据开放流动、开发应用为主要目的,不适宜对数据设置过多的私权制度障碍;将监管重心放在数据使用行为规制层面,公权力介入侧重契约指导,保障数据顺畅交易;同时,强化数据使用安全技术标准,推动“匿名个人信息”的开发利用。

Currently, there is still a hot debate about the necessity of personal data ownership in the academia. The core of data ownership is to balance the application and protection of data. Sorting out the existing consensus and differ. ences on the ownership of personal data in China, as well as investigating Japan's regulation on data ownership, this pa. per argues that the design of too strong data exclusivity system is not conducive to the strategic development of the data industry and puts forward relevant suggestions. First, on the basis of ensuring data security, the main purpose is to pro. mote the open flow of data and the development and application of data, it is not appropriate to set up too many private rights system barriers to data. Secondly, the supervision should focus on the regulation of data use behavior, and the in. tervention of public power should focus on contract guidance to ensure the smooth trading of data. Finally, it is essen. tial to strengthen security technical standards for data use and promote the development and utilization of "anonymous personal information".