自动驾驶汽车道路测试安全制度分析:中日立法的比较

Construction of Safety Test System for Self-driving Cars: Comparison of Chinese and Japanese Legislation

随着自动驾驶汽车技术的进步和市场的孕育,各国陆续开放了自动驾驶汽车的道路测试,因此引发了技术创新和道路安全之间的紧张关系。为了确保道路安全,目前中日两国立法都围绕“人、车和道路”,构建起较为完善的自动驾驶路测安全制度,具有积极的意义。但两国在路测道路类型上都较为保守,尚未开放高速道路测试,这在一定程度上抑制了自动驾驶测试的需求。不过日本已经允许无人驾驶的测试,并采取新的安全规则来取代传统安全标准。我国应更加积极主动地改革传统道路安全制度,以适应技术革新的需要。

With the advancement of autonomous driving technology and the nurturing of the market, countries have suc. cessively initiated road tests for self-driving cars, thus triggering a tension between technological innovation and road safety. In order to ensure road safety, the legislation of China and Japan has actively built automatic driving road test safety systems centering on "people, vehicles and roads". Both countries, however, are relatively conservative in the type of road test and have not yet opened the highway test, which has suppressed the need for autonomous driving tests to some extent. But Japan has allowed unmanned testing and adopts new safety rules to replace traditional safety stan. dards. China should be more proactive in reforming traditional road safety systems to meet the needs of technological innovation.