移动式X射线机床旁摄片场所放射剂量检测

Radiational dose detection for mobile X-ray equipment bedside radiography

【目的】了解移动式X射线机床旁摄片场所的放射剂量水平,为管理部门进一步制订管理标准提供依据。【方法】在上海市医疗机构随机抽取10台移动式X射线机,模拟日常病房开展床旁摄片的场景,对场所X射线剂量率进行检测。【结果】检测结果剂量率数值范围为6.9~1989μSv/h,不同设备的剂量率差异较大。【结论】不同型号的移动式X射线机自身防护性能差异较大,使用、维护不当,会进一步增加机头漏射线,购置防护性能好的设备、小心使用、做好维护保养工作等是降低X射线剂量的重要保障;移动式铅屏风具有较好的屏蔽防护作用,但必须方便实用。

[Objective] To study the level of radiational dose in sites for bedside radiography,and to provide the basis for further formulation of management standards.[Methods] In the study,10 mobile X-ray equipments were randomly sampled to simulate daily bedside radiographing in the ward.The dose rates of the X-ray were detected and evaluated around the work site.[Results] There were high dose rates detected that ranged from 6.9 μSv/h to 1 989 μSv/h,and the dose rates coming from different types of equipments were quite different from each other.[Conclusion] Different equipments have different protective performance.Improper usage and maintenance will increase the leakage of X-ray from equipment′s head.Purchasing good protective equipment,using carefully and doing well in maintenance are the important guarantees to reduce X-ray dose.Mobile shield has a good effect,but it must be convenient and practical.