论网约车平台的安全保障义务与责任——对我国《电子商务法》第38条第2款的解释与适用

On the Security Obligations and Responsibilities of Online Car-hailing Platforms: Interpretation and Application of the Paragraph 2, Article 38 of China’s E-commerce Law

厘清网约车平台的安全保障义务与责任,需要对我国《电子商务法》第38条第2款进行解释。网约车司机不是平台内经营者,与平台之间分情形成立三种法律关系:劳动关系、劳务派遣关系、民事上的雇佣关系。因司机行为造成顾客损害的情形,网约车平台是第一责任人。在第三人直接侵权的情形中,应明确补充责任是按份责任+补充保障程序的实质,这样既能确保平台承担相应的过错责任,也能实现公平正义之价值。

To clarify the security obligations and responsibilities of online car-hailing platforms,it is necessary to interpret paragraph 2,article 38 of China’s E-commerce Law.Online car-hailing drivers are not operators within the platform.There are three legal relationships between car-hailing drivers and the platform:labor relationship,labor dispatching relationship,and civil employment relationship.The car-hailing platform is the first person responsible for the damage caused by the driver’s behavior.In the case of direct infringement by the third party,it should be made clear that the supplementary liability is based on the essence of the procedure of “share responsibility + supplementary security”,which can not only ensure the platform to assume the corresponding fault liability,but also realize fairness and justice.