早期护理干预在进展性脑梗死伴吞咽困难患者中的应用

Application of Early Nursing Intervention in Patients with Progressive Cere-bral Infarction and Dysphagia

目的探讨早期护理干预在进展性脑梗死伴吞咽困难病人中的应用效果。方法在该医院2017年7月-2018年7月期间诊治的进展性脑梗死伴吞咽困难患者中方便选取60例作研究对象,针对吞咽困难问题提供相关护理干预:实行常规护理干预者设为对照组(n=30),实行早期护理干预者设为研究组(n=30),就两组患者护理前后的吞咽功能、并发症以及自我效能感进行统计学分析。结果①研究组患者的吞咽困难护理有效率96.67%高于对照组的73.33%(χ^2=4.706,P=0.030);②研究组患者并发症发生率6.67%低于对照组的26.67%(χ^2=4.320,P=0.038);③护理后,研究组和对照组的自我效能感评分均降低(t=23.951、11.186,P=0.000),其中研究组高于对照组(t=8.958,P=0.000)。结论早期护理干预在进展性脑梗死伴吞咽困难病人中的应用效果确切,可有效解决其吞咽困难问题,提高病人自我效能感,并预防误吸等并发症,适宜借鉴。

Objective To investigate the effect of early nursing intervention on patients with progressive cerebral infarction and dysphagia. Methods Sixty patients with progressive cerebral infarction and dysphagia who were diagnosed and treated in the hospital from July 2017 to July 2018 were convenient selected and enrolled in the study. Relevant nursing interventions were provided for dysphagia: the routine nursing intervention was used as the control group (n=30), the early intervention intervention was set as the study group (n=30), and the swallowing function, complications and self-efficacy of the two groups were statistically analyzed before and after treatment. Results 1.The effective rate of dysphagia care in the study group was 96.67% higher than that in the control group 73.33%(χ^2=4.706, P=0.030). 2.The complication rate of the study group was 6.67% lower than that of the control group (26.67%)(χ^2= 4.320, P=0.038);3.After treatment, the self-efficacy scores of the study group and the control group were decreased (t=23.951, 11.186, P=0.000), and the study group was higher than the control group (t=8.958, P=0.000). Conclusion The early nursing intervention is effective in the treatment of patients with progressive cerebral infarction and dysphagia. It can effectively solve the problem of dysphagia, improve the patient's self-efficacy, and prevent complications such as aspiration.