肝硬化自发性细菌性腹膜炎的早期诊断

Early diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in liver cirrhosis

自发性细菌性腹膜炎是肝硬化的常见并发症,一旦发生,疾病容易进展为肝衰竭和多器官功能衰竭,病死率较高。经证实,腹膜炎的延迟诊断是其高病死率的重要因素,但目前临床上还没有一种灵敏、快速和准确的方法来早期诊断该疾病。因此,如何更好地对自发性细菌性腹膜炎做出早期诊断仍是目前研究的重点。重点介绍了肝硬化患者自发性细菌性腹膜炎的发病机制、危险因素和早期诊断方法,以期为临床实践中提高对该病的认识提供帮助。

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is a common complication of liver cirrhosis, and once it occurs, the disease might progress quickly to liver failure and multiple organ failure, which has a high mortality rate. It has been documented that delayed diagnosis of peritonitis is an important factor for high mortality rate, but there is still no sensitive, rapid, and accurate method for early diagnosis of this disease in clinical practice. Therefore, how to make an early diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis remains a research hotspot at present. This article introduces the pathogenesis, risk factors, and methods for early diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in patients with liver cirrhosis, so as to improve the awareness of this disease in clinical practice.