气候变化的经济影响研究综述

A Review on Economic Impact of Climate Change

近年来,经济对气候变化的敏感性已成为当今研究的主导领域。随着气候经济学理论的逐步成熟,越来越多的研究开始关注气候与经济之间的相互影响。众多研究表明,气候变化的原因可能是自然的内部过程,也可能是外部力量,或者是由于持续的人为变化。基于此背景,近年来对气候的经济影响研究主要包括气候变化分别对不同经济体、金融体系、不同经济部门、经济政策等造成的影响以及极端天气与经济发展之间的关系等内容。人们开始意识到经济活动和气候之间存在着双向反馈,因此探讨气候变化带来的经济影响问题对于维护经济稳定、采取气候经济政策有着重要的现实意义。

The sensitivity of economy to climate change has become a dominant field of research. With the gradual maturity of climate economics theory, increasing researches have been focusing on the interplay of climate and economy. Climate change may be attributed to naturally internal processes, or external forces, or persistently anthropogenic activities. Under this background, studies on the economic impacts of climate change mainly focus on how climate change influences different economies, financial systems, different sectors, and economy policies, respectively, and the relationship between extreme weather and economic development. It has been recognized that there is bidirectional feedback between human activities and the climate. Therefore, studies of the economic impact of climate change will be very meaningful to sustain stable economy and take effective policies on climate.