安阳青少年几何图形知觉与屈光状态的相关性研究

Relationship between geometrical form perception and refractive status of children and adolescents in Anyang

目的探讨青少年几何图形知觉状况与屈光状态之间的关系。设计横断面研究。研究对象河南安阳初一年级平均年龄(12.40±0.61)岁的学生2267名,2112名完成了睫状肌麻痹验光,1701名完成几何图形认知检测。方法采用四象限分辨的刺激图形对河南省安阳市初一年级学生进行几何图形知觉检测,包括对射影不变性质(共线性)、仿射不变性质(平行性)、欧式几何不变性质(朝向性质)知觉、拓扑不变性质以及基线任务知觉的平均反应时间,同时进行眼科检查及问卷调查如裂隙灯检查、睫状肌麻痹电脑验光等。主要指标几何图形知觉检测的平均反应时间。结果受试学生对朝向性质、平行性质、共线性质、拓扑性质的平均反应时间分别为(1.97±0.67)、(1.92±0.60)、(1.44±0.56)、(0.82±0.18)秒(F=5.82,P=0.0032);戴眼镜者比不戴眼镜者在朝向检测(1.93±0.61 s,2.00±0.71 s)、平行检测(1.88±0.59 s,1.94±0.60 s)及共线检测(1.39±0.43 s,1.47±0.63 s)中反应时间更短(P均<0.05)。远视组比近视组在共线性质(1.53±0.54 s,1.42±0.53 s)、拓扑性质(0.85±0.19 s,0.80±0.18 s)的反应时间上慢(P均<0.05),但在朝向性质、平行性质反应时间上的差异无统计学意义。结论我国中原地区青少年在几何图形检测中戴镜组的几何图形知觉能力比不戴镜组更强,而近视组的几何图形知觉能力比远视组更强。

Objective To investigate the relationship between geometric form perception and refractive status of students in urban areas of central China.Design Cross-sectional study.Participants 2267 students in grade 7 in Anyang of Henan Province were included,in which 2112 students completed cycloplegia optometry and 1701 patients completed geometrical form perception testing.Method The four stimulus arrays were applied to measure the relative salience of the different levels of geometrical invariants namely euclidean,affine,projective,topological invariants.Ophthalmic examination including slit lamp examination,distance visual acuity,vertometer,cycloplegic autorefraction,ocular biometry was also conducted.Main Outcome Measures Average response speed of geometric form test.Result The average perceptual speed for euclidean,affine,projective,topological and baseline invariants in subjects are respectively 1.97±0.67 s,1.92±0.60 s,1.44±0.56 s,0.82±0.18 s,0.69±0.14 s(F=5.82,P=0.0032).Students with glasses were faster than those without glasses in euclidean(1.93±0.61 s,2.00±0.71 s),affine(1.88±0.59 s,1.94±0.60 s),and projective(1.39±0.43 s,1.47±0.63 s)detection(all P<0.05).The hyperopia group than the myopia group responded slower in projective(1.53±0.54 s,1.42±0.53 s)and topological(0.85±0.19 s,0.80±0.18 s)detection(all P<0.05),while non significant difference was found in euclidean and affine detection among three groups.Conclusion Adolescents with spectacles in central China have stronger perceptive ability of geometrical form than those without spectacles,while hyperopic adolescents tend to have stronger perceptive ability of geometrical form than myopic adolescents.