妇女何以成为社群主体——以G市L村妇女自组织营造经验为例

Becoming Communal Subjects: Experience of the Development of Women’s Self Organization in a Local Women’s Social Work Project

本研究基于G市L村某妇女项目经验,探索妇女社区工作的可能路径--从日常生活需求出发,培育具有社群感的妇女小团体,逐步转化成自组织,实现妇女由个人主体到社群主体的转变,改善社区关系,从而迈向更大的社会目标。笔者认为这是一种利用群体力量解决个人问题,面对妇女普遍性议题,在差异中寻求对话及共性的方法。笔者强调社群主体的重要中转作用以及日常生活在社群感营造上的意义:在实践层面上,重视日常生活经验与需求是各妇女群体互通的策略,改善妇女的日常处境是所有实务的最终目的;在理论层面上,它让女性生活经历的讨论回归到身体和空间的基本社会实体中,有效弥补了原本关怀人却甚少触及生活的学术话语,启发我们通过对不同女性群体的研究,以日常生活为平台革新性别研究的方法论。

This paper is based on the experience from a women's social work project in a local urban village community. It comes from a series of problems and questions in the practices that center on women's needs and service provision,service structure,the understanding of gender by the agencies and social workers,and the realization of these understandings in services. Inspired by the concepts and theories of subjectivation,everyday life and self-organization,we try to develop women's groups that first attend to their everyday needs,and then go on to community-level issues. In this process women construct their own agency and learn to be communal subjects that care about their community and are willing to give out their own voices. It is argued that communal subject is a key"meso-level"structure in the design and provision of social work services,in the process of women's subjectivation,and in theoretical discussions on women's social participation. Everyday life is both the starting point and the ultimate goal,and an important platform for dialogues between different women groups and researches.