韩国“慰安妇”议题的形成、发展过程与社会意识问题

The Rise of the Social Consciousness of the Korean “Comfort Women”

韩国“日军性奴役受害者”(“慰安妇”)问题在第二次世界大战结束后的40年间鲜被提及,但从20世纪80年代末开始,该问题逐渐成为韩国国内备受关注的社会议题,期间经历了社会议题的建构与传播过程。“慰安妇”议题主要围绕受害者的口述文本展开,以性奴役受害者的经验和回忆来形成可赋予历史意义的舆论空间。韩国方面还努力争取国际社会的理解和支持,将“慰安妇”议题进行国际化扩散。针对日本政府对“慰安妇”问题的态度,韩国国内不断展开强烈批判,在此基础上形成了较为统一的社会意识,而统一之下又有着多重分歧。

The"survivors of the sex slavery by the Japanese armies"("comfort women") did not become known in the forty years after the WWII as an issue until the 1980 s when it started to attract public attention in South Korea. The process of construction and dissemination of the"comfort women"issue was mostly revolved around using the records of survivors' narratives to create public opinions in support of the historical significance of the issue based on recollections of sex slaves' experiences. Korean people and the government made efforts to win support from the international community and expand and internationalize the issue. In response to the resistant attitude of the Japanese government toward the comfort women survivors,the Korean public developed strong criticisms,based on which a unified social consciousness was formed,although there were still difference in certain views within this unity.