“素养”的另一副面孔——以PISA为例

Another Face of "Literacy":A Case Study of PISA

PISA在人力资本理论框架下构建的素养体系,对参与经济体课程教学目标的重构都颇有影响。PISA素养观的界定存在商业大公司介入,主张为教育过程以外的目的而学习,实践上指向一种想象的实用价值。它遮蔽了两点教育常识:其一是现代学校教育的价值不局限于经济价值,PISA把素养水平整合进入经济的话语,以此表征教育系统的卓越程度,弱化了学校教育价值;其二是现代教育理论强调儿童应当在一个安全的、确定的环境中生长,PISA依据想象的、不确定的社会观规划儿童的学习,将儿童暴露在毫无遮拦的信息世界里,滋生了若干危机。历史地看,PISA素养观远离了追求人性解放与生命尊严的教育理想。

PISA establishes its literacy system under the framework of human capital theory.It has great influence on the reconstruction of the teaching objectives in various participating economical systems. Large commercial companiesare involved in the definition of PISA literacy, which advocates learning for the purpose beyond education process and pointing to an imaginary practical value in function. PISA obscures the two most important educational common senses: first, the date of the national education system show that school education is not limited to the practical value of the economy. To display the outstanding level of national education system by involving literacy into economic discourse, PISA in fact has resulted in the loss of school education value. Second,modern pedagogy emphasizes that children should grow in a relatively stable and safe atmosphere, protecting children’s growth primarily in family and school, but PISA is based on an unreal and uncertain social view to construct children’s learning, and makes children exposure to the uncovered information world, which is breeding a number of crisis. In a historical view, it is far from the true meaning of literacy for human nature liberation and the dignity of life.